SOLUTION

• In a salient pole alternator, the damper winding is primarily provided on the pole face. This design allows the damper winding to effectively dampen oscillations and improve stability during operation.
• Damper winding is made with low resistance copper, aluminum, or brass.
• When a disturbance, such as a sudden load change or a short circuit, occurs, it can cause the rotor to oscillate about its synchronous speed. These oscillations can lead to increased mechanical stress on the machine and, in severe cases, can even cause the rotor to lose synchronism.

Damper winding, particularly in salient pole synchronous machines, serves several important functions:

• Assisting in Starting: Damper windings play a crucial role during the starting of synchronous motors. When the motor starts, it behaves like an induction motor. The electromotive force (EMF) generated in the damper winding allows current to flow within the rotor, producing torque that helps the motor to start.
• Reducing Hunting: Damper windings help control hunting, which occurs when there are sudden changes in rotor speed, leading to instability in the machine. The currents generated in the damper winding counteract these fluctuations, helping to stabilize the rotor’s speed.
• Functioning Under Various Conditions: The damper winding is primarily active during starting and hunting situations. At other times, it remains inactive and essentially serves as a dummy.