SOLUTION

A low-pass filter is a type of electronic filter that allows signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency to pass through while attenuating signals with frequencies higher than the cutoff frequency.

How it Works:

• Low-Frequency Signals: At low frequencies, the capacitor’s reactance (Xc) is high.
  • This means the capacitor acts as an open circuit, and most of the signal passes through the resistor and the load.
• High-Frequency Signals: At high frequencies, the capacitor’s reactance decreases.
  • The capacitor acts more like a short circuit, shunting most of the signal to ground.

Key Points:

• Cutoff Frequency: The frequency at which the filter starts to attenuate the signal is known as the cutoff frequency. It is determined by the values of R and C.